Pinguecula

A pinguecula is a deposit of fat, protein, calcium, or a combination of all three, which looks like a small yellowish raised bump on the eye’s conjunctiva. It appears on the inside corner of one or both eyes. The growth can be a round or triangular shape, which increases in size over time.

A pinguecula is usually harmless and does not cause any pain. Treatment or surgery is not necessary in most cases. If you have discomfort, it can be relieved with eye drops or ointments.

Symptoms

A small and yellowish bump on the conjunctiva in one or both eyes.
Redness, swelling, itchiness, and irritation in the eyes.
Gritty or dry eye.
Watery eye.

When to see a doctor

If you notice any change in your vision or have ongoing discomfort, see a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Causes

Long-term exposure to sunlight and UV radiation, dust, and wind.
Old age: Pinguecula is common in middle-aged and senior adults; almost all elderly have pinguecula.

Diagnosis

Slit lamp exam. Your doctor can examine the anterior and posterior aspects of your eye.

Treatment

Pinguecula is not dangerous and does not affect your vision or cause blindness. Though it does not go away by itself, it does not usually cause any severe symptoms. If you have eye discomfort, your doctor may prescribe treatments as follows:

Artificial tears or eye ointments for moistening your eyes

Steroid eye drops for relief of swelling and redness in the eye.

The doctor may suggest surgical removal if the inflammation does not improve over time, the growth affects your vision, or you dislike the appearance of the pinguecula on your eye. However, pinguecula recurrence is possible after surgery.

Prevention

Wear wrap-around sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat when outdoors in the sun. Protect yourself from ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B, the common pinguecula causes.
Wear safety eyewear if you work in a dusty or dry environment.
Moisten your eyes with eye drops to relieve irritation.